Friday, April 27, 2007

The word Yoga has accent

DEMONSTRATION
THAT THE WORD YÔGA HAS AN ACCENT IN ITS ORIGINAL FORM, IN THE DÊVANÁGARI ALPHABET

YA (short).
YAA ∴ YÁ (long).
YOO* ∴ YÔ (long).
YÔGA


* Although for didactic reasons we wrote YOO above, such an artifice is used only for the better understanding of the readers, who may not be versed in Sanskrit. We should clarify that the phoneme ô is a result of the fusion of a with u and, since it contains two letters, is always long. In this convention, the acute accent is applied on letters whenever there is a fusion of two identical letters (such as a+a = á, i+i = í, u+u = ú). The circumflex accent is applied when there is a fusion of two different letters such as a + i = ê, as in sa + íshwara = sêshwara, and a + u = ô in AUM, which is pronounced ÔM. In view of this, we write Vêdánta. .

The circumflex accent in the word Yôga is so important that it is used even in books published in English and Spanish, languages that do not contain such accent.

Bibliography for the Spanish language:
Léxico de Filosofía Hindú, by Kastberger, Editorial Kier, Buenos Aires.

Bibliography for the English language:
Pátañjali Aphorisms of Yôga, by Srí Purôhit Swámi, Faber and Faber, London
Encyclopaedia Britannica, term Sanskrit language and literature, volume XIX, 1954 edition

Bibliography for the Portuguese language:
Poema do Senhor, by Vyasa, Editora Relógio d´Água, Lisboa

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